Search: ars electronica

ARS Electronica

By André, 19/01/2010 12:08 pm

Faço parte do International Advisory Committee of the Digital Communities do Prix Ars Electronica, um dos eventos mais importantes do mundo nesse domínio. Devo indicar projetos para o juri. Peço que aqueles que tem informações sobre projetos brasileiros interessantes que me façam saber via email ou comentando aqui mesmo no Carnet. Vou analisar e se for o caso, indico.

Para saber mais sobre essa categoria veja o link aqui.

“The “Digital Communities” category focuses on the wide-ranging social and artistic impact of the Internet as well as on the latest developments in social software, user generated content, mobile communications, mash-ups and location based services. Digital Communities” focuses on innovation in human coexistence, efforts to bridge the geographical as well as gender-based digital divide, overcoming cultural conflicts and fostering cultural diversity and the freedom of artistic expression. Consideration is also given to projects that advance the practice of sharing and the formation of a “Cloud Intelligence”, and that facilitate access to technological-social infrastructure. Digital Communities spotlights the political and artistic potential of digital and networked systems and is thus designed to singled out for recognition a broad spectrum of projects, programs, artworks, initiatives and phenomena in which social and artistic innovation is taking place, as it were, in real time. A Golden Nica, two Awards of Distinction and up to 12 Honorary Mentions will be awarded in the Digital Communities category in 2010.”

Isso não impede que qualquer um possa submeter livremente os seus projetos. Para quem tiver interesse, mais informações sobre submissões aqui.

O deadline é até dia 05 de março de 2010.

Bios

By André, 11/01/2010 2:08 pm

The Carnet de Notes is online since Mars, 2001.

My CV LATTES

Bios

André L.M. Lemos, 47, born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is Engineer by training, MSc in Science and Technology Policy, COPPE/UFRJ (1991) and PhD in Sociology, Université Paris V, Sorbonne (1995). He is Associate Professor at Faculty of Communication at University Federal of Bahia, Brazil, coordinator of Cybercity Research Group (GPC). He is former President of Brazilian Association of Communications PhD Programs, former Chair of the Department of Communication (Facom/UFBa) and former director of PhD Program in Communication and Culture (Facom/UFBa). He is advisor of Theses and Dissertations on Cyberculture Studies on the PhD Program in Communication and Culture at Facom/UFBa. He is Senior Researcher (level 1) at National Scientific Council (CNPq/MCT-Brazil), and member of the international juries “Best of Blogs”, Deutsche Welle, Germany – 2004-2005;  “Ars Electronica” 2004-2009, Linz, Austria, among others. André Lemos has 10 (ten) published books, more than 30 chapters in other published books, and more than 40 articles in peer-reviewed scientific journals worldwide. André Lemos is member of editorial boards in scientific journals in Brazil and worldwide (“Canadian Journal of Communication,” “Wi. Journal of Mobile Media,” “ICA,” “Herbert Dordick Award of Dissertations,” among others.). Visiting scholar at University of Alberta and McGill University, Canada, 2007-2008. He is now working on mobile communication and locative media studies.

E-Mail:

alemos@ufba.br
andre@andrelemos.info
alemos@pesquisador.cnpq.br
almlemos@gmail.com

Twitter:

http://twitter.com/andrelemos

Institucional Address:

Universidade Federal da Bahia
Faculdade de Comunicação
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação e Cultura Contemporâneas
Rua Barão de Geremoabo, s/n, Campus de Ondina
CEP 40.170-115 Salvador – Bahia – Brazil
Tel.: (+ 55 71) 3283 6193 E-mail: pos-com@ufba.br

Call for Chapters

By André, 11/06/2009 12:08 pm

IGI Publishing: Call for Chapters

Proposals Submission Deadline: 7/15/2009
Full Chapters Due: 9/15/2009

ICTs for Mobile and Ubiquitous Urban Infrastructures:
Surveillance, Locative Media and Global Networks

A book edited by Dr. Rodrigo Firmino, Dr. Fabio Duarte and Dr. Clovis Ultramari
Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR) , Curitiba, Brazil

INTRODUCTION
The world is completely urban. This phenomenon is only possible once space is intertwined with information and communication technologies (ICTs), which challenge the scale of space, the boundaries of political and economic territories, and how social groups appropriate parts of the world to turn them into their places.

New ubiquitous and mobile technological urban infrastructures, essentially supported by ICTs, are the basis of these challenges to the understanding and appropriation of space, territories and places. At the core of this book, there is the wish to complement other studies and publications currently emerging that address the dilemmas associated with physical and electronic urban spaces where the notions of space, territory and places are at the edge of their conceptual definition and on the way they are experienced, but specifically focusing on surveillance studies, mobile and locative media, and global networks.

OBJECTIVE OF THE BOOK
This book intends to investigate how this shift to a completely urban global world woven together by ubiquitous and mobile ICTs changes the ontological meaning of space, and how the use of these technologies challenges the social and political construction of territories and the cultural appropriation of places.

Our approach to this conceptual debate will focus on ICTs and new urban infrastructures. Three types of technologies represent the core of the discussions presented in the book, both through theoretical approaches and analytical descriptions of case studies: surveillance artifacts; mobile and locative media; and the global networks of signs, values and ideologies.

TOPICS
ICTs have a quick obsolescence. Nevertheless, their social and historical construction and implications to our way of life change the concepts and experiences of urban spaces. In this sense, to focus on the influence of an emerging global urban infrastructure based on ICTs could enlighten and bring some ideas about the paradigmatic challenges upon space, the boundaries of political and economic territories, and how social groups appropriate parts of the world to turn them into their places. Important: Please note that there will be a reference-chapter for each of the three parts of the book (please see below), written by scholars renowned by their expertise in the three main themes. Authors are asked to consider these papers as the foundations for each part. We are currently in the process of receiving these three commissioned reference articles, which will be available before notification of acceptance. Meanwhile, we ask authors to consider the preliminary references listed bellow, which are previous publications by the three invited scholars. We welcome contributions that can seat nicely in the variety of issues which form the three main parts below. Contributors are invited to submit proposals for chapters that approach mainly one of the subjects below, indicating the part of the book it would preferably fit in.

Part I – Surveillance: the intention here is to discuss the technological and social implications of such instruments that permeate our daily life, and which permit, for those who control it, a hypothetical total control of the space.

- Preliminary reference:
LYON, D. (2004). “Surveillance Technologies: Trends and Social Implications” in Barrie Stevens (ed.) The Security Economy, Paris, OECD. Available at: http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/14/17/16692437.pdf.

Part II – Mobile and Locative Media: chapters here are expected to discuss the technological and social implications of such instruments that give us the freedom of spatial mobility and the possibility of creating and recreating places.

- Preliminary reference:
LEMOS, A. (2008). Mobile Communication and new sense of places: a critique of spatialization in cyberculture. Galáxia (PUCSP), v. 16, pp. 91-108. Available at: http://www.andrelemos.info/artigos/mobilecommunication_galaxia.pdf.

Part III – Global Networks: the focus here is global networks of signs, values and ideologies, which break down the social and political boundaries of territories. The challenge in this part is to discuss both the roles of the global flows of information, social and cultural values, and the infrastructures which have been built as a global technological network.

- Preliminary reference:
TAYLOR, P. (2008). World Cities in Globalization. GaWC Research Bulletin 263. 28th April 2008. Available at: http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/rb/rb263.html.

SUBMISSION PROCEDURE
Researchers are invited to submit on or before July 15, 2009, a 2-3 page chapter proposal clearly explaining the mission and concerns of his or her proposed chapter. Authors of accepted proposals will be notified by July 30, 2009 about the status of their proposals and sent chapter guidelines. Full chapters are expected to be submitted by September 15, 2009. All submitted chapters will be reviewed on a double-blind review basis. Contributors may also be requested to serve as reviewers for this project.

PUBLISHER
This book is scheduled to be published by IGI Global (formerly Idea Group Inc.), publisher of the “Information Science Reference” (formerly Idea Group Reference), “Medical Information Science Reference” and “IGI Publishing” imprints. For additional information regarding the publisher, please visit www.igi-global.com. This publication is anticipated to be released in 2010.

IMPORTANT DATES
July 15, 2009: Proposal Submission Deadline
July 30th, 2009: Notification of Acceptance
September 15, 2009: Full Chapter Submission
January 15, 2010: Review Results Returned
March 15, 2010: Final Chapter Submission

Inquiries and submissions can be forwarded electronically (Word document) or by mail to:

Dr. Rodrigo Firmino
Postgraduate Program in Urban Management – www.pucpr.br/ppgtu
Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR) – www.pucpr.br
E-mail: rodrigo.firmino@pucpr.br

Locative Media Manifesto

By André, 13/05/2009 12:32 pm

Locative Media Manifesto

English version of “Manifesto sobre as Mídias Locativas” publish at 404nOtFound, #71, May-June,. 2009.

Locative Media Manifesto

André Lemos
Associate Professor, Faculty of Communication, Federal University of Bahia
http://andrelemos.info

For Bernardo, who already seeks his place in the world.

**

Media – Artifact and process that makes it possible to overcome infocommunicative constraints in space and time. Media produce spatiality, social action over a given space. Media produce places.

Locative – A grammatical category that expresses place, such as “in” or “next to,” indicating the location or the last moment of a localized action.

Locative Media. Location-based technologies and services (LBT and LBS) based on conscious and context-reacting infocommunicative systems. A communicative action in which people, objects and places process digital information by means of electronic devices, sensors and wireless networks. Current dimension of cyberculture, comprising the era of “cyberspace leaking into the real world” (Russel, 1999); an era of the “internet of things.”

1. Create situations to lose yourself in. Fear of losing oneself is a correlate of the fear of meeting someone. But in losing oneself, one may find something. Disorientation is a method for appropriating space! To locate, map and index everything is symbolic death: fear of the imponderable, of meeting with chance; avoiding a vital dimension of existence. “To lose oneself is a dangerous find,” says Clarice Lispector.

2. Error, failure, forgetting location and movement, these are the only possibilities of reprieve from the current hyperrationalization of space. Only a tactical appropriation of devices, sensors and networks will yield new meanings to places. Do not trust your nomadic position and status. When your operator says, “you are a nomad,” be wary. But know that nomadism is an essential trait of the human adventure on Earth!

3. All is locative: we learn, love, socialize, play, fight, celebrate, work… always bound to a location. There is nothing out of time or SPACE. And social space is the PLACE. In all, the place is what matters.

4. A place consists of the flow of many territorialities. It is always dynamic and at the same time, deep-rooted. A place is a social bond. A place is a flow of emotions, of peaks, of memory and the crystallization of feelings. A place is not fixation, but interrelation. Place in locative media should be perceived as a flow of many territorialities (sociocultural, imaginary, symbolic) + informational databases. Visible spaces marked by invisible information flows circulating through invisible networks.

5. It is currently impossible to think of places without informational territories. But places with no informatization persist. Remember these places. Think of the independent contexts of any technology.

6. We are living the ubiquitous and pervasive computation era (Weiser), informatics in every place and in all things. But there are no sensitive technologies, and none of them is context-attentive! They are in everything and everywhere, but do not know what is a context, and cannot feel any place.

7. After uploading to Matrix up there – Internet 1.0 – now is the time to “download cyberspace,” information about things down here – Internet 2.0. We are not dealing with what is virtual up there, but of what to do with all this information about things and places down here! How can we relate to things and places? And now that these things and places are provided with digital information and Internet connections? Do we invoke Heidegger and Lefevbre?

8. Refuse the LBS and LBT that place you only in the position of another mass consumer. Seek to produce localized information that makes sense here and now. This is the only way to build social places with these location and mobility technologies. Demand post-mass functions of locative media. Publicity, marketing and operators want you only as a passive mass receptor, although supposedly free, mobile and frontierless. They want you controlled, active but consuming, a receptor that thinks he or she is emitting. Acting is more than this. React against this right now.

9. Know that location-based media are not new. Every media is both local and global. Pay attention to analog locative media among us; think of urban writing, such as graffiti, stickers, messages or notes. Notice marks on streets, cues around you, local – and now hyperlocal – journalism. Act as a detective seeking to solve the mysteries of urban space! Try to use locative devices critically. Remember that artists and activists created the term “locative media” to question the mass use of LBS and LBT.

10. Use, disseminate and stimulate the development of non-proprietary protocols, of collaborative and open software, of free and participative operating systems. Your freedom in the world of locative media is directly proportional to the development of open mobile computation. As in the cyberspace era “up there” and in the Internet era that drips over things, struggle against closed devices, systems, software and contracts such as those that currently exist in world mobile telephony. Seek, use and distribute jailbreaks for all mobility and location systems!

11. Think that the only purpose of using locative media is to produce meaning in places. If this does not happen, switch off or create some use that deconstructs the device. You do not need to be precise, you do not need to be located all the time, you do not need to be always rational; a complete homo economicus, to experience what is local! If devices help, use them, otherwise use them in other ways (hacking) and, if that does not work, abandon it!

12. Find a balance between a generalized click in the world of information and leisurely contemplation. Disconnect and reconnect your devices always, daily, permanently. Stop, close your eyes, open your ears, and move only in thought, an absolute deterritorialization (Deleuze).

13. The issue of location is not always linked to space and movement, but rather to time. Think like this about duration, the viscosity of things, immobility, extended time. Know that there is never “time lost;” it is impossible to “kill time.”

14. Regardless of any smartphone or GPS, what matters is that you know where you are: “you are here” and “now.” Invert Walter Benjamin’s (1927) maxim, which stated, “places have been reduced to colored points on a map.” Make these points effectively be places.

15. Marks on maps showing what is close to you should not stop you from meeting with others or what is unusual. Do not be concerned if you do not know what is near. Be aware that you will always find the path to the places you seek anyway. It is simple: ask for information, ask, seek cues, and look at space as something to be explored locally in contact with the world around you.

16. Think of crossings, corners, and position differences; thing of connections, of distances and approximations. Think of what is audible and not audible, on what is visible and invisible, on what is fixed and what changes. Think about places as part of your existence, permanently in construction. Think that you only exist by being locative.

17. Give meaning to your social, cultural, and political place in the world. Locative media may help in this process through notes, maps, mobile social networks, political or hedonistic mobilization, and street games. All is power; what remains is the hard, difficult and slow updating work.

18. Think about neighborhoods, crossings, paths, historical landmarks, and borders (Lynch). Always ask how locative media may act in each of these dimensions: how does one create a community or act politically (in the neighborhood)? How may one generate meetings (crossings)? How does one open new roads (paths)? How does one create new reference points (landmarks)? How is it possible to stress the frontiers (borders) with these technologies?

19. All mobility assumes immobility; there is and will never be a world without frontiers. A frontier is control, and control may be freedom. Immobility is a condition of mobility, and vice-versa. We can only think of one in relation to the other. We really need to be immobile to think about mobility, and in movement to think about inertia. Define your frontiers, be autonomous in controlling your borders, stop so that you may move, and move yourself to stop.

20. “Dis-locate” does not mean finishing with the place, but rather, to put it in perspective. Move yourself and take control of what is urban; write you space with text, images and sound; meet people; play; occupy space out there. This is what locative media allow you to do. But if you are unable to do any of this, then think about the use and the reason for these technologies.

21. Maps are always psychocartographies; they are never neutral. Maps – technical, mnemonic and communicative tools – including “Google Earth,” “Street Maps,” and others, are always expressions of biased worldviews. They always reflect power structures and serve as tools for extending geopolitical influence. Think about how shortsighted digital maps are. Compare the details of Tokyo and African cities on digital maps to gain an idea of this invisibility.

22. Know that every map is media, and that every mapping process is a communicative action, a message with an emitter, a channel and a receptor. To map is to read and write space. Mapping is always a discourse about space and time. Maps, such as media, are always forms of visualization and knowledge, or producing the reality of the external world. As Borges in “Del Rigor de la Ciencia,” seek to create maps that are new territories on a 1 to 1 scale.

23. Build maps that deconstruct worldviews. Produce maps about what is not mapped around you, about what is invisible to eyes wide open. Flee from Cartesian thinking, rationalism and geospatial coordinates. Try to use locative media to decentralize the building power of maps and of meaning about places. As Meyrowitz states, “all our media function as a mental GPS.”

24. Do not overuse mobile social networks: findings friends and acquaintances randomly may be more interesting that to have everything programmed. Surprise may be an ingredient of great meetings. But think also about new forms of voyeurism, of control, of monitoring and of surveillance of friends, family members, employees and employers.

25. You are a roaming point in many systems (GPS, mobile phone networks, RFID tags, Wi-Fi or Bluetooth networks…). Know that new control, monitoring and surveillance methods (subtle, transparent and locative) are ever more present in all you do, from switching on your cell phone to accessing a wireless network in a coffee house, updating your social network while on the go, using the ATM, walking around with an RFID tag on your shirt, or paying toll automatically when passing along in your car. Be aware that the surveillance cameras are not the only things that are watching you!

26. In the current phase of ubiquitous computation and the internet of things there is the data that is provided (the data), but there are also those data that are not given, but rather, captured without your permission and at times without your knowledge, (the capta) (Kapadia, et al.). Think about this, about the “data” that you provide and the “capta” that are stolen from you! Fight to protect (handle) the new informational territories from which invisible “data” and “capta” emanate. Control and defend you privacy and anonymity, the basis and assurance of modern democracy. If necessary, create countersurveillance systems: sousveillance (Mann) against surveillance. If all else fails, provide unclear information or switch off and become invisible.

27. There is not only Foucault’s panopticom of disciplinary confinement, but Deleuze’s “controlate,” modulation, cypher and “dividual.” Walls no longer protect us from anything. Prisoners attack from prison. For Pascal, Man’s problem is that he is unable to be alone in his room. With informational layers, what is the informational meaning and efficiency of punishing someone by sending him to be alone in his room?

28. There is no neutral use, distribution, production or consumption of information and/or technologies. Think about how locative media may help you to create and destroy your territories. What are the limits of your territories? Develop creative ways of telling stories, of making politics, of playing and of having fun. These technologies may help you to write and electronically define your surrounding space; but seek new meanings, new memories of places. Strengthen social bonds and the collective imaginary.

29. Commit your self to revert the logic of vigilant eyes, to produce sounds for attentive ears, to create images of the past linked to the present. Locative media are only important if they help to produce meaningful content for you and for the place in which you live. Never use any media passively; especially those that act you’re your mobility and location in the world!

30. Think about the use of technique (it is not neutral), of communication as bringing you close to places and to others (it is not impossible, but improbable – Luhmann) and your place in the planet (it is part of your existence). The question should be: do locative media help you to find your place in the world?

Prix ARS Electronica

By André, 14/01/2009 10:43 am

Prix ARS Electronica

Como todo ano, participo do “international board” do Prix Ars Electronica que acontece em setembro em Linz, Áustria, na categoria “Digital Community”. Projetos podem ser inscritos diretamente e posso também indicar aos organizadores. Aqueles que souberem de projetos interessantes, brasileiros, nessa categoria (ver abaixo os tópicos e no link acima os detalhes), por favor me façam saber por email (clicando no meu nome à esquerda). Lembro que o Overmundo já ganhou o Golden Nica (prêmio máximo) na categoria em 2007. Até 06 de março.

Digital Communities:

“The winning projects should be able to serve as a model to be copied by others, and, in their orientation on the future, be a source of inspiration, encouragement, and enablement. Among the projects, phenomena, artworks and fields of activity subsumed under the heading Digital Communities are:

* social software
* web 2.0 applications
* social networking systems / friends networks / social self-support groups
* artistic collaborative projects / net.art projects
* software-based collaboration / learning / creation and knowledge networks
* mobile media / media sharing / ubiquitous computing
* innovative solutions targeting environmental issues
* user-generated content & metadata
* digital storytelling
* gaming communities
* digital neighborhoods, digital cities
* citizen involvement / citizen journalism
* eRights / eDemocracy / eGovernance”

Blogs.com

By André, 12/01/2009 4:04 pm

BLOGS.COM

Esse post é o prefácio do livro “Blogs.com. Estudos sobre blogs e comunicação” (SP, Momento editorial, 2009), organizado por Adriana Amaral, Raquel Recuero e Sandra Montardo. O livro será lançado em versão eletrônica e “Creative Commons”, no dia 22/01 às 14h na área Campusblog do Campus Party em São Paulo. O livro, que tem esse prefácio e posfácio de Henrique Antoun (UFRJ), conta com artigos dos seguintes autores: Adriana Braga , Claudio Penteado, Fernando Firmino da Silva, Helaine Abreu Rosa, Jan Schmidt, Juliana Escobar, Leonardo Foletto, Marcelo dos Santos, Marcelo Träsel, Maria Clara Aquino, Octávio Islas, Rafael Araújo, Rogério Christofoletti e Rosa Meire Oliveira. O livro estará disponível no site www.sobreblogs.com.br.

Aproveito para agradecer mais uma vez o convite para escrever essas linhas.
Escrevi o prefácio em abril de 2008 em Montreal.

Nada melhor para escrever um prefácio sobre o livro BLOGS.COM: estudos sobre blogs e comunicação”, organizado por Adriana Amaral, Raquel Recuero e Sandra Montardo do que pegar como inspiração textos de um… blog. E, mais ainda, colocá-lo em forma de um post em um blog. Propus às autoras publicar esse prefácio como um post do meu Carnet de Notes, retomando e ampliando algumas informações e reflexões feitas aqui sobre esse tema. Com espírito de abertura, coragem e ousadia, elas toparam. Esse prefácio é assim o que indica a palavra em sua etimologia:prae – fatia” (“falado antes”), ou “prae – factum” (“feito antes”) já que está publicado aqui no Carnet antes mesmo do livro estar em formato papel e disponível nas livrarias. É um prefácio que não está, ainda, acoplado à materialidade do livro, servindo, no entanto, como uma fala anterior que pretende explicar o fenômeno dos blogs e a importância do livro, indicando por quê os leitores devem lê-lo. Agradeço assim às organizadoras por permitir que esse prefácio de um livro sobre blogs esteja, antes de tudo, em um blog!

A experiência

Quando comecei o Carnet de Notes quase não haviam blogs acadêmicos no Brasil, e muito menos na área de comunicação. Muitos colegas me desestimularam, dizendo que eu não iria atualizá-lo, que era uma moda passageira, que ninguém leria e que logo eu perderia o interesse. Erraram feio. Para mim o blog se tornou algo quotidiano, a meio caminho entre um caderno de notas pessoal e um arquivo profissional. Comecei os primeiros posts em março de 2001 e os mantenho quase que diariamente. Penso no blog durante o meu dia a dia e ele se tornou um espaço para lançar idéias, fornecer informações servindo como um observatório sobre minha pesquisa atual e como catálogo de meus projetos, livros, artigos e ensaios. Adiciono citações do dia no Jaiku, mensagens rápidas no Twitter, fotos do Flickr, vídeos do YouTube, informes sobre minha localização em tempo real com Loki e Plazes… Considero esse Carnet de Notes parte da minha produção acadêmica como pesquisador e professor universitário. De fato, ele é um espaço de expressão e de contato com outros, um prazer concretizado e compartilhado em palavras, imagens e informações. Ele é a minha casa no ciberespaço, um texto aberto, indefinidamente incompleto, a ser escrito a cada dia.

E não estou só. Os blogs são, junto com os games, os chats e os software sociais, um dos fenômenos mais populares da cibercultura. Eles constituem hoje uma realidade em muitas áreas, criando sinergias e reconfigurações na indústria cultural, na política, no entretenimento, nas redes de sociabilidade, nas artes. Os blogs são criados para os mais diversos fins, refletindo um desejo reprimido pela cultura de massa: o de ser ator na emissão, na produção de conteúdo e na partilha de experiências. E embora o Carnet não seja um blog sobre blogs, grande parte das minhas fontes de informação são blogs, e muito da minha reflexão gira em torno deles.

A cultura de massa criou o “consumo para todos”. A nova cultura “pós-massiva”, cria, para o desespero dos intermediários, daqueles que detêm o poder de controle e de todos os que usam o corporativismo para barrar a criatividade que vem de fora, uma “isegonia”, igualdade de palavra para todos. Os blogs refletem a liberação do pólo da emissão característico da cibercultura. Agora todos podem (com mínimos recursos) produzir e circular informação sem pedir autorização ou o aval a quem quer que seja (barões das indústrias culturais, intelligentsia, governos…). O fenômeno dos blogs ilustra bem essa cultura pós-massiva que tem na liberação do pólo da emissão, na conexão telemática e na reconfiguração da indústria cultural seus pilares fundamentais (ver meus últimos artigos).

Post It…

O fenômeno comemorou sua primeira década no final de 2007. O termo blog vem de “weblog“, contração de “web” e “log”, criado por John Barger com o seu pioneiro “Robot Wisdon” em 17 de dezembro de 1997. Em matéria da Wired de dezembro de 2007 Barger dá 10 dicas para novos blogueiros. Acho algumas dicas inúteis, mas replico aqui algumas pela importância histórica do personagem. Para Barger, o melhor período dos blogs (como sempre o melhor é o que passou!) foi em 1998-1999. Imaginem, logo quando ninguém usava, escrevia ou sabia o que isso significava ou significaria. Aí vão algumas dicas

“- A true weblog is a log of all the URLs you want to save or share. (So del.icio.us is actually better for blogging than blogger.com.)

- You can certainly include links to your original thoughts, posted elsewhere / but if you have more original posts than links, you probably need to learn some humility.

- If you spend a little time searching before you post, you can probably find your idea well articulated elsewhere already.

- Always include some adjective describing your own reaction to the linked page (great, useful, imaginative, clever, etc.)

- Credit the source that led you to it, so your readers have the option of “moving upstream.”

- Re-post your favorite links from time to time, for people who missed them the first time.”

O post do Écrans de dezembro de 2007, festejando este aniversário, pergunta a alguns blogueiros como eles definem os blogs. Vejam algumas pérolas respondendo a pergunta, “o que é um blog?”:

“- Une feuille blanche. Quotidienne. Addictive., Nicolas Voisin, du blog Politic Show

- Un blog, c’est comme un très très gros mégaphone, pour dire n’importe quoi, mais à plein de gens d’un coup. Pénélope Jolicoeur, du blog Pénélope Jolicoeur

- Un blog est un lieu où le personnel va chercher l’universel. Concrètement, on fait semblant de parler de soi pour mieux toucher les autres. Maïa Mazaurette, du blog Sexactu

- Une façon de trier et développer quelques idées, de les partager et de les enrichir au contact d’amis fidèles mais qu’on n’a pourtant jamais rencontré. Eric Viennot, du blog Y’a pas que les jeux vidéo dans la vie !

- La mise en application concrète et heureuse de la sérendipité : on y trouve des choses ou des gens passionnants, qui vous bousculent, de manière imprévue, en cherchant autre chose, voire en ne cherchant rien du tout. Nicolas Vanbremeersch, du blog Versac

- Personnellement c’est ma mémoire, mes marques pages, mes archives personnelles (qui deviennent donc publiques)… Etienne Mineur, du blog Etienne_mineur

Para mostrar que esse não é um fenômeno menor, forneço alguns dados para compreender a sua amplitude. Em dezembro de 2007, Technorati contava 112 milhões de blogs. A cada dia são criados mais de 175 mil novos e produzidos 1,6 milhões de posts (cerca de 18 por segundo). Últimos dados do “State of the Blogsphere” de 2006 indicavam que o número de blogs dobra a cada 5,5 meses e que um blog é criado a cada segundo, todo dia. Em relação ao Brasil, estima-se que há entre 3 a 6 milhões de blogueiros/blogs e 9 milhões de usuários (as estatísticas variam muito em fontes como Ibobe/NetRatings, Intel entre outras), o que corresponde a quase metade dos internautas ativos no país. Nos EUA, por exemplo, 64 % dos adolescentes participam de alguma forma da criação de conteúdo on-line. Os blogs são mantidos por 28% deles. 39% disponibilizam e compartilham suas próprias criações artísticas on-line (fotos, vídeos, textos, etc.). Os dados são de um estudo de 2006 realizado pelo Pew Internet & American Life Project. Matéria do Estadão On-Line aposta que em 2012, 25% do conteúdo da internet será criado pelos próprios usuários. Essa é uma das diferenças entre as mídias de função massiva e as mídias de função pós-massiva. Segundo a pesquisa, “…as pessoas terão um desejo genuíno não só de criar e compartilhar seu próprio conteúdo, como também de fazer remixagens e mashups, e passá-los adiante em seus grupos – numa forma de mídia social colaborativa (…)”. Artigo do francês Telerama de fevereiro de 2008 informava que os blogs passaram o jornal “The New York Times” como fonte para busca das informações mais importantes da atualidade. Segundo o Telerama:

“Sur quatre des cinq sujets retenus par les journalistes de l’Associated Press – exceptée la crise des subprimes -, les blogs sont remontés plus hauts que le New York Times dans la page de résultat. Un bémol cependant: la position dans le classement Google varie selon le nombre de liens qui pointent vers votre page. On a donc bien mesuré… la popularité des blogs eux-mêmes! Vont-ils pour autant supplanter les sites de presse traditionnels? Rien n’est encore joué”

A Web 2.0 (blogs, micro-blogs, podcasts, YouTube, Google Maps, wiki…) permite ainda agregar mapas, fotos, vídeos e mobilidade aos blogs. Há sistemas que permitem enviar vídeo ao vivo do celular para um blog, como por exemplo Flixwagon ou QIK. Novos sistemas, como Seero, possibilitam o envio de vídeo e áudio, ao vivo, com localização por GPS em mapas digitais, direto do celular. Essas novas experiências revelam a ancoragem nos “espaços de lugar”, criando a possibilidade de testemunho de acontecimentos, importantes ou banais, ao vivo, de troca de informações para reforço comunitário e para a gestão do tempo e do espaço no quotidiano. Post do Digital Urban de abril de 2008 explica o sistema:

“(…) Seero breaks new ground by being the first platform to allow its users to broadcast live and on-location through Google Earth. Viewers can load Seero’s global KML feed in GEarth and see the GPS positioning of each broadcaster along with their live video feed. Justin Cutillo, Seero’s CEO, describes the new feature: “the end goal is to utilize Google Earth and Seero’s broadcasting platform to create an accurate and dynamic representation of what’s happening in the world and where it’s taking place. It really is one of the moments that you have to take a look at the demo, sit back and then think how amazing is the ability to stream your location, video and sound live to a blog, Google Map or Google Earth. (…)”

Política e Ativismo

Questões de censura, política e ativismo estão diretamente relacionadas aos blogs. Muitos países reprimem blogueiros e censuram blogs, revelando que a liberação da emissão tem uma forte conexão política. Dar voz à todos (liberação da emissão), permitir o compartilhamento e a troca de informações (conexão) são poderosas ferramentas políticas de transformação da vida social (reconfiguração). Vou citar alguns exemplos. Post do Global Voices Online de janeiro de 2008 trazia em destaque a brutal condenação de jornalista à morte por circular um texto encontrado em blog iraniano sobre direito das mulheres e religião:

“The Afghan Association Blog Writers (Afghan Penlog), a community established by a group of Afghan activist bloggers, has expressed deep concern for a young journalist Sayed Parwiz Kambakhsh who was condemned to death by a local court. He has been a reporter for Jahan-e Naw (New World) weekly and a student of journalism at Balkh University. According to Afghan Penlog and international media, Parwez Kambakhsh was detained by the authorities on October 27, 2007 for downloading and distributing an article that he found on an Iranian weblog to friends. It spoke of women’s rights Equal-Pay-No-Way, the Quran and the Prophet Mohammed. A local court in northern Afghanistan in Mazar-e Sharif has convicted him to death for the alleged blasphemy.”

Ainda no Global Voices, post de março de 2008 chamava a atenção sobre a intensa atividade da blogosfera na crise do Tibet:

“Just looking for any word from bloggers in the Lhasa area on what the situation is there as of Friday local time; The unrest coincides with the 49th anniversary of the Tibetan people’s unsuccessful uprising against the PRC occupation of the former theocracy, and comes the day after what was being called the worldwide Tibetan people’s uprising was stopped at the Indian border. Updates will be added here as further blog posts are found. The Time China blog brings us one European tourist’s writing, photos and video from Lhasa earlier this week.”

Matéria da Folha Online de novembro de 2007 informava sobre ação de blogueiros contra a tortura no Egito, organizando um festival de filmes sobre o tema:

“Os blogueiros egípcios, muito ativos no combate às violações dos direitos humanos em seu país, querem realizar na internet um festival de vídeo de torturas. O concurso seria realizado em paralelo ao 31o Festival de cinema do Cairo, informou a imprensa da capital egípcia nesta terça-feira. Entre os prêmios da competição estão Chicote de Ouro. Idealizado por um blogueiro chamado Walid, este projeto de festival paralelo exibirá imagens polêmicas de tortura que teriam sido cometidas pelos serviços de segurança’, explicou o jornal egípcio de língua inglesa ‘The Egyptian Mail’. Os blogueiros egípcios revelaram muitos casos de supostas torturas cometidas por policiais, entre os quais atos de sodomia praticados contra um prisioneiro com um bastão. A cena, filmada com um telefone celular, foi amplamente divulgada na internet, gerando críticas entre os defensores dos direitos humanos e levando à prisão dois policiais. (…)”

O telefone celular tem sido um instrumento potente na mão dos blogueiros. Por exemplo, SMS e blogs são usados para coordenar protestos no Paquistão, criando formas autônomas e rápidas de organizar manifestações políticas. Vejam trechos do post do Mobile Active de novembro de 2007:

“Bloggers, activists and organizers in Pakistan are using SMS – short test messages – to coordinate protests and send updates on the political situation since Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf imposed martial law on November 3. Only 12% of Pakistanis have access to the internet (…) Bloggers in Pakistan report that November 3 had the ‘highest number’ of SMS messages sent — an average of about 10 per mobile phone.(…) The Aurat Foundation, a women’s rights organization in Islamabad, has organized an SMS center to organize protests and send political updates. Members of the network ‘decided to circulate their message of protest through text messages and work towards the restoration of human rights, the judicial system and the removal of the media blackout amongst other issues.’(…) ‘Recently with help from a number of brilliant technologists around the globe we have enabled LIVE SMS-2-BLOG services allowing citizen reporters in Pakistan to directly update this blog by sending this blog, readers shall now be given live updates from the field as it happens.’ “

O novo fenômeno dos “micro-blogs”, como Jaiku e Twitter, permite um contato mais direto com pessoas de interesses similares. Um post do Rue 89 de novembro de 2007 analisava os micro-blogs, as redes sociais e as tecnologias móveis como novas formas de comunicação que poderão, em um futuro próximo, desbancar o e-mail…ao menos para a geração mais jovem. Isso mostra como o e-mail está associado a formas de comunicação “sedentárias”, e como os micro-blogs e SMS ganham terreno por serem mais rápidos, telegráficos, permitindo o envio em mobilidade. Vejam trechos da matéria do Rue 89:

” (…)Je me suis cependant résolu à l’idée que le succès de tous ces autres outils vient du fait que l’e-mail n’est pas parfait. Les messages instantanés, les SMS, les blogs et les micro-blogs, les profils sur les sites de réseaux sociaux compensent les défauts de l’e-mail. (…) Bien plus que l’e-mail, tous ces moyens de communication instantanée reproduisent les interactions habituelles des enfants dans la rue ou dans leurs chambres. L’e-mail, en comparaison, peut sembler guindé et laborieux. Ecrire demande de la méthode et du temps, l’e-mail est plus proche de la lettre que de la conversation. Même son temps de diffusion, à peine quelques secondes, est considéré comme terriblement lent.(..).

O uso dos blogs é tão intenso que outro post do Rue 89 de abril de 2008 – que apareceu agora, no momento em que estou escrevendo esse prefácio - aponta para a angústia do blogueiro diante da tela branca, do estresse que a atividade quotidiana cria (mais uma!). Vejam abaixo alguns depoimentos:

“- Je me sens, par exemple, obligée d’alimenter le blog même quand je n’ai pas vraiment le temps (ou des idées de billets). Sinon, les emails commencent à arriver de lecteurs me demandant si tout va bien.

- Parfois, j’écris un texte tard le soir, en rentrant d’un dîner qui s’est prolongé. Je me défoule, je balance tout ce que j’ai accumulé dans la journée. C’est une catharsis. Le lendemain matin, je me précipite avec angoisse devant mon écran et je découvre avec consternation ce que j’ai écrit la veille.”

- Ma seule souffrance est de ne pas rédiger assez et de me sentir coupable quand je vois les assez nombreuses connections de gens qui viennent vérifier si j’ai du nouveau alors que je n’ai rien fait.”

Blogosfera? Leiam o livro!

Os exemplos são inúmeros e aparecem a cada dia. A blogosfera não pára de crescer e me sinto orgulhoso de participar dela, lá se vão 7 anos. Como compreender esse fenômeno socio-comunicacional de impacto planetário? Os blogs se transformam não só em um objeto fundamental de pesquisa para as ciências sociais, mas também em um poderoso instrumento pedagógico. Vários acadêmicos, e me incluo aqui, usam os blogs para lançar idéias e colher comentários; para criar ambiente de discussão que amplia a sala de aula e permite aos alunos trocar idéias, adicionar comentários; como memória de pesquisa; como obra de arte…Os usos e os tipos são inúmeros e crescem a cada dia.

Não é, como me diziam alguns há sete anos atrás, um fenômeno menor, passageiro, mas sim de um verdadeiro sintoma da cibercultura e do desejo de conexão e comunicação permanente. Isso não significa fim de conflitos e problemas. Como mediar o debate sem centralizar o poder? como criar mecanismos de confiabilidade nas informações e nos comentários sem implementar regimes corporativos esclerosados? como criar qualidade e tirar o joio do trigo nessa polifonia planetária? Não há respostas simples para estas questões.

O jogo está aberto. O desafio é achar uma saída criativa que evite o pensamento binário e simplório que por um lado insiste entre a “mediação” clássica (dos pares, dos editores, dos sábios) e, por outro, no populismo pobre que dá voz a todos sem hierarquias de valores. A riqueza da cibercultura está na criação de ferramentas que potencializam a pluralidade e a democratização da emissão. Mas tudo é virtual e só o debate (político) poderá atualizar essa dádiva. O atual estado de tensão e complementaridade entre os sistemas massivos e pós-massivos deve amadurecer.

A vida social tira proveito dessa tensão. As pessoas convivem com esse duplo sistema sem muita dificuldade: elas vêem TV e acessam a internet, baixam podcasts e ouvem rádios, lêem críticas dos experts em veículos massivos e acessam blogs de “pessoas comuns” ao redor do globo. A reconfiguração da cibercultura criou um ambiente mais rico já que hoje, como usuários, temos mais opções de escolha de informação e, pela primeira vez, podemos publicar e distribuir, de forma planetária, conteúdo em forma de áudio, texto, foto, vídeo. E, com os novos dispositivos sem fio, em mobilidade.

O fenômeno dos blogs merece ser estudado, debatido e visualizado em todas as suas facetas. O livro que está em suas mãos tem o mérito de abordar esse fenômeno por todos os ângulos, com rigor e competência. Os artigos tratam de temas fundamentais para a compreensão da blogosfera e é uma contribuição importante para as ciências sociais e a para comunicação em particular. O livro é útil tanto para acadêmicos como para o público em geral. As organizadoras Adriana Amaral, Raquel Recuero e Sandra Montardo, estudiosas do fenômeno e blogueiras de primeira linha, companheiras de debates em congressos e, claro, em blogs e micro-blogs, dividem o livro em duas sessões que guiam o leitor para o que interessa: uma perspectiva epistemológica, tentando situar os blogs como objeto de pesquisa científica (“sessão 1 – definições, tipologias e metodologias”), e uma outra socio-antropológica, dando ênfase aos usos e apropriações da ferramenta (“sessão 2 – uso e apropriações”). No seu conjunto, o livro trata de questões conceituais, históricas, políticas, sociológicas, jornalísticas, subjetivas, educacionais, dando um quadro bastante completo do fenômeno, já nascendo como uma referência para professores, pesquisadores e alunos de comunicação e das ciências sociais como um todo.

Gostaria de ressaltar também o cuidado em recuperar não só uma bibliografia internacional (o que todos fazem), mas de prestar atenção e dar o merecido valor aos autores nacionais, aos papers apresentados em congressos e aos artigos e livros publicados no país por autores brasileiros. As organizadoras, e os respectivos autores, mostram que, às vezes, “santos de casa” fazem milagres sim!

Devemos louvar a iniciativa e congratular os (as) autores (as) pela excelente contribuição acadêmica para a análise desse fenômeno vivo que cresce diante dos nossos olhos. Cabe então ao leitor descobrir. Espero que o livro possa alimentar e criar mais blogs, que os leitores possam postar suas opiniões, críticas e sugestões para que possamos conhecer e circular os novos conhecimento gerado pelo livro.

Montreal, abril de 2008

André Lemos é PhD em Sociologia pela Paris V, Sorbonne (1995), Pós-Doutorado pela University of Alberta e McGill University, Canadá (2007-2008), Professor Associado da Faculdade de Comunicação da UFBa e Pesquisador 1 do CNPq. Autor de vários artigos e livros sobre cibercultura foi membro do júri do prêmio Best of Blogs, da Deutsche Welle, Bonn, Alemanha e é membro do conselho internacional do Prix Ars Electronica para Digital Communities e Board do “Wi. Journal of Mobile Media” e “Canadian Journal of Communication”, Canadá. Blogueiro desde 2001, idéias, livros, artigos, projetos, podem ser vistos em http://andrelemos.info

Loca

By André, 19/06/2008 5:15 pm

Loca

Projeto que coloca em relação mobilidade e vigilância, o “Set to Discoverable”, do LOCA, recebe menção honrosa no Prix Ars Electronica 2008. Vejam vídeo e descrição do projeto em outro post desse Carnet.

Sound Mapping

By André, 29/04/2008 2:55 pm

Sound Mapping

Vale a pena aqui registrar um dos projetos pioneiros na produção de som com mídias locativas, o Sound Mapping de 1998. Esse projeto utiliza GPS, para monitorar movimentos de indivíduos no espaço, e malas como sensores que produzem sons em resposta ao espaço físico e ao movimento. Mais um projeto em que o objetivo é produzir sons que têm como origem o lugar (interação com objetos arquiteturais e pessoas). Interessante notar que as malas, objeto do viajante, representando o deslocamento e a “casa” do nômade, são os “instrumentos” de capatção dos sons do ambiente. Vejam o short video e ouçam o MP3 para ter uma idéia mais clara.

Descrição:

“Sound Mapping is a participatory work of sound art made for outdoor environments. The work is installed in the environment by means of a Global Positioning System (GPS), which tracks movement of individuals through the space. Participants wheel four movement-sensitive, sound producing suitcases to realise a composition that spans space as well as time. The suitcases play music in response to nearby architectural features and the movements of individuals. Sound Mapping aims to assert a sense of place, physicality and engagement to reaffirm the relationship between art and the everyday.

Sound Mapping is a collaborative project by Iain Mott, Marc Raszewski and Jim Sosnin. The premier exhibition was staged in Sullivan’s Cove, Hobart by the Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery (TMAG) on 29 January – 15 February, 1998. Sound Mapping was awarded an Honorary Mention in the Interactive Art category of Prix Ars Electronica. The project was exhibited as part of the Ars Electronica festival in Linz, Austria in September 1998.

This project is assisted by the New Media Arts Fund of the Australia Council, the Federal Government’s arts funding and advisory body. Additional generous support from: Arts Tasmania, Vere Brown leather goods and luggage, Fader Marine, Salamanca Arts Centre, Hobart City Council and the Hobart Summer Festival.”

ARS Electronica PRIX

By André, 07/02/2008 6:30 pm

A pedido estou circulando a chamada para inscrição de projetos no ARS Electronica PRIX. Participem. Lembro que ano passado, na categoria em que fiz parte do juri (Digital Communities), o vencedor do Golden Nika foi o Overmundo:


“For the 22nd time, Prix Ars Electronica, the foremost international prize for computer-based art, calls for entries in the categories Computer Animation / Film / VFX, Interactive Art, Hybrid Art, Digital Communities, Digital Musics, the Media.Art.Research Award and u19 ? freestyle computing, Austrian?s largest youth computer competition.

More than 3,300 submissions in 2007 have further enhanced the Prix Ars Electronica?s reputation as an internationally representative competition honoring outstanding works in the cyberarts. This year, six Golden Nicas, twelve Awards of Distinction and approximately 70 Honorary Mentions as well as the Media.Art.Research Award are presented to participants. The 2008 winners will receive a total of 115,000 euros in prize money.

We would like to ask you to help us “spread the word” in your community by circulating the information as widely as possible. We also would be very glad if you could help us identify some projects, which in your opinion should participate in the competition.

For a detailed description of the competition, please consult our website http://prixars.aec.at

The deadline for submissions is March 7, 2008.”

ARS Electronica PRIX

By André, 17/12/2007 10:01 pm

Mais uma vez participo do Comitê Internacional do ARS Electronica PRIX e tenho até 31 de janeiro para indicar projetos em “Digital Communities”. Participei do juri do ano passado em Linz e o vencedor da categoria foi o Overmundo. Quem souber de projetos interessantes nessa área, por favor enviar para o meu email (alemos@ufba.br) nomes e links, ok?

Para mais informações sobre a categoria, vejam o link acima. Abaixo um resumo dos tópicos:

* social software
* web 2.0 applications
* social networking systems / friends networks / social self-support groups
* artistic collaborative projects / net.art projects
* software-based collaboration / learning / creation and knowledge networks
* mobile media / media sharing / ubiquitous computing
* innovative solutions targeting environmental issues
* user-generated content & metadata
* digital storytelling
* gaming communities
* digital neighborhoods, digital cities
* citizen involvement / citizen journalism
* eRights / eDemocracy / eGovernance

Agradeço a colaboração,

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